Literatur T

Taaffe & Marcus (1999). Regional and total bone mineral density in elite collegiate male swimmers. The J. of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. Torino (39)2, 154-159

Taaffe, Suominen, Ollikainen & Cheng (2001). Calcaneal bone mineral and ultrasound attenuation in male athletes exposed to weight-bearing and nonweight-bearing activity. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. Torino (41)2, 243-249

Tabata, I. u.a. (1996). Effects of moderate-intensity endurance and high-intensity intermittent training on anaerobic capacity and VO2max. Med Sci Sports Exerc.28(10):1327-3Taimura, Sugawara & Tsuchiya (2002). Influence of water temperature and swimming velocity on body temperature and weight loss during swimming. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (32)5, 5156

Taimura & Sugahara (1996). Effect of fluid intake on performance, body temperature and body weight loss during swimming training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (28)5, 51-58

Takano, Morita, Iida, Asada, Kato, Uno, Hirose, Matsumoto, Takenaka, Hirata, Eto, Nagai, Sato & Nakajima (2005) Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to a short-term low-intensity resistance exercise with the reduction of muscle bllod flow.European Journal of Applied Physiology, (95)1,65-73

Takeda, Kato, Mimura, Shimamoto, Endoh & Radak (2015). Resting heart rate as an index for monitoring physical condition during high altitude training in cross-country skiers. 3rd International Congress on Science and Nordic Skiing – ICSNS 2015. 5-8 June 2015, Vuokatti, Finland, https://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de/datenbanken/iks/open_archive/sponet/ICSNS2015_Congress.pdf? – Zugriff 22.03.23

Taletavièiene, Vainoras, Berškeine & Ramanauskas (2012). Whole body cryotherapy and adaptive reactions of the human organism in the aspect of complex system theory. Education. Physical training. Sport (82)1, 62-69

Talsnes, Hetland & Sandbakk (2020). Practical and scientific experiences from optimizing the sport-specific development of endurance transfer athletes. Nordic Winter Sports Conference, Kongressband Trondheim

Tan, Polglaze, Cox, Dawson, Mujika & Clark (2010). Effects of induced alkalosis on simulated match performance in elite female water polo players. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, (20)3, 198-205

Tan, Mohamad & Nadzalan (2021). The effect of inter-repetition rest duration on kinematic of snatch. Annals of Applied Sport Science (5)3, 1-10

Tanaka, Costill, Thomas, Fink & Widrick (1993). Dry-land resistance training for competitive swimming. Med. Sci. Exerc. 25 (1993), 8, 952-959

Tanaka, Honjo, Fujimoto, Nagano & lsaka (2016). Effect of different track start positions on horizontal take-off velocity of whole-sody center of mass in swimming: A simualtion study. Tsukuba International Society of Biomechanics in Sports 2016 (34)1, 1058-1061

Tanjour, T. (2009). Elektromyographische Untersuchung der muskulären Ermüdung bei schnellkräftigen Sprungbewegungen. Diss. Uni Rostock

Tanner J.M. (1962): Growth at adolescence. 2nd ed., Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford;

Tanner et al. (1975).  Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height, London-New-York

Tappy & Rosset (2017). Fructose metabolism from a functional perspective: Implications for athletes. Sports Medicine (47)1, 23-32

Taskin, Budak & Sanioglu (2020). The effect of selected massage manipulations on lactic acid elimination after anaerobic running. International Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology (9)1, 133-138

Taube, W. (2012). Neurophysiological adaptations in response to balance training. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin (63)9, 273-277

Taubert & Krug (2018). Steigerung des motorischen Lernens in den technisch-akrobatischen Sportarten durch Optimierung der Konsolidierungsphase: eine Labor- und Feldstudie. BISp-Jahrbuch Forschungsförderung 2016/17, Sportverlag Strauß, 93-100

Taubert & Krug (2018). Steigerung des motorischen Lernens in den technisch-akrobatischen Sportarten durch Optimierung der Konsolidierungsphase: eine Labor- und Feldstudie. BISp-Jahrbuch Forschungsförderung 2016/17, 93-100

Tausch, H. (1986). Sportmedizinisches Verbandsprogramm. Berlin: Sportmedizinischer Dienst der DDR

Tausch & Mende (1987). Praktische Erfahrungen beim Einsatz des Parameters Kreatinkinasekonzentration im Sportschwimmen. Theorie und Praxis des Leistungssports (25)11, 8-13

Taylor, Rogers & Driver. (1997). Effects of training volume on sleep, psychological, and selected physiological profiles of elite female swimmers. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 29(5), 688-693

Taylor, Maclaren, Stratton & Lees (2003). The effect of age, mturation and growth on tethered swimming performance. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming IX, 185-190

Taylor, Lees, Stratton & MacLaren (2001). Reliability of force production in tethered freestyle swimming among competitive age-group swimmers. Journal of Sports Sciences (19)1, 12-13

Tegethoff, F. (1952). Schulung des Schwimmers an Land. Berlin

Teixeira, Leite,  Bonini, Gorjão, Agondi, Kokron & Carvalho (2018). Atopy in elite endurance athletes. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 28(3):289–298

Teixeira, Ramal, Martins & Cunha (2006). Kinetic response of salivary IGA to several exercise protocols performed by well trained swimers. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming X. 177-179

Tella, Llana, Madera & Navarro (2002). Evolution of anthropometrical and kinematic parameters in young swimmers: a longitudinal study. XX International Symposium on Biomechanic in sport, 4:64-67

Tella, Toca-Herrera, Gallach, Benavent, Gonzelez & Arellano (2008). Effect of fatigue on the intra-cycle acceleration in front crawl swimming: A time–frequency analysis. Journal of Biomechanics (41)1, 86-92

Telles, Barroso, Figueiredo, Fortes de Souza Salgueiro, Vilas-Boas & Andries Junior (2017). Effect of hand paddles and parachute on backstroke coordination and stroke parameters. Journal of Sports Sciences (35)9, 906-911

Tenenbaum & Connolly (2008). Attention allocation under varied workload and effort perception in rowers. Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 9/704-717.

Tepper, E. (1968). Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen zum Verhalten des Muskeltonus bei Sprintern. Theorie und Praxis des Leistungssports (6)3, 136-151

Terpak, Guthrie & Erickson (2015). Statin use and selfreported swimming performance in US masters swimmers. J Sports Sci. 2015 Feb; 33 (3): 286-­‐292.

Tetlock & Gardner (2016). Superforecasting – Die Kunst der richtigen Prognose. Fischer-Verlag, Frankfurt/Main

Thaler, D. (2007) Athletenvereinbarungen und Athletenerklärungen. Sport und Recht, 4. Tagungsband. 19-77

Thanopoulos, Rozi, Hatzilla, Dopsaj & Lampadari (2014). Change of critical speed in swimmers aged 10-11 years old. XIIth International Symposium for Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming, 332-336

Thevis, Schänzer, Geyer, Thieme, Grosse, Rautenberg, Flenker, Beuck, Thomas, Holland & Dvorak (2013). Traditional Chinese medicine and sports drug testing: identification of natural steroid administration in doping control urine samples resulting from musk (pod) extracts. British Journal of Sports Medicine (47)2, 109-114

Thibert & Davis (2006). Sport science: hope is not a method. The Professional Skater PS Magazine (37)3, 14-15/33

Thiel, A. (2020). Der Star bin ich! Begabtenförderung in Zeiten von Helikoptereltern und Whatsapp. DSTV-Reihe, Bd. 45, 30-34

Thiel, Digel, Schreiner & Waigel (2009). Berufsfeld Trainer. BISp-Jahrbuch Forschungsförderung 2008/09, 263-268

Thiel, Gropper & Mayer (2018). Individualisierung und Nachwuchsleistungssport. Die Lebenswelt Heranwachsender als Herausforderung. Leistungssport (48)2, 10-15

Thieme, L. (2020). Jung stirbt, wen die Götter lieben? Zur Mortalität deutscher Olympiateilnehmer 1956 bis 2016. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research (50)2, 280-296

Thienes, G. (2008). Wissenschaft und Sportunterricht. Pro Business Berlin

Thomas, A. (1992). Grundriss der Sozialpsychologie, Band 2: Individuum-Gruppe-Gesellschaft.  Göttingen: Hans Huber

Thomas, J. (2017). The 6 requirements of a legal breaststroke kick. Swimming World Magazine (58)11,

Thomas, Larson, Rahija & McCaw (2001). Nasal strips do not affect cardiorespiratory measures during recovery from anaerobic exercise. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (15)3, 341-343

Thomas & Güllich (2019). Childhood practice and play as determinants of adolescent intrinsic and extrinsic motivation among elite youth athletes. European Journal of Sport Science (19)8, 1120-1129

Thömmes, F. (2011). Fußball-Coaching: Die 100 Prinzipien. Copress-Verlag München

Thompson, Bailey, Blackwell, Fulford, Wylie, Black, Kelly, McDonagh, Carter, Vanhatalo & Jones (2016). Dietary nitrate augments muscle metabolic adaptation to high-intensity interval training. 21th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS), Vienna, 6. -9. July 2016, 123

Thompson, Warner, Hudson, Banks & Logan (2022). Coaching practices to develop underwater fly kick performance in swimming training. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 17 (5), 984-998. Zugriff am 19.12.2022 unter https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221101598

Thorhauer, H.A. (1999). Zur Methodik des Trainingsmitteleinsatzes im Starttraining der Sportart Rennschlitten,  BISp-Jahrbuch,  227-229

Thorland, Johnson, Housh & Refse (1983). Anthropometric characteristics of elite adolescent compeititve swimmers. Human Biology. 55:735-748

Thorndike, E.L. (1911). Animal intelligence. New York: Macmillian Company

Thornton, N. (2002). Increasing Ankle Flexibility. Swimming Technique 38, 4

Thow, J. L. (2016). Application of 2-dimensional video analysis by competitive swimming coaches to monitor fatigue in breaststroke technique during training. Edinburgh University of Edinburgh (Diss.)

Thow, Turner, Nash & Sanders (2014). Training and fatigue in competitive swimming: Coaches perceptions. 19th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS), Amsterdam, 2. -5. July 2014

Thürer, Stockinger & Stein (2016). Improved retention performance after variable practice comes in line with an increased alpha band power over the prefrontal cortex. 21th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS), Vienna, 6. -9. July 2016, 146/147

Tiidus, P.M. (2000). Effectiveness of Massage and Ultrasound Therapy in Promoting Post –exercise Muscle Repair and Recovery. Acta Kinesiologiae Universitatis Tartuensis 5

Tiidus, P. M. (2003). Influence of estrogen on skeletal muscle damage, inflammation, and repair. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews (31)1, 40-44

Tillaar van den, R. (2006). Will whole-body vibration training help increase the range of motion of the hamstrings? J. strength Cond. Res. 20(1), 192-196

Tilinger, Kovar & Suchy (2005). Prognose männlicher leichtathletischer Leistungen für die Olympischen Spiele 2008 in Peking. Leistungssport 3/39-43

Timakova, T.S. (1985). Die mehrjährige Vorbereitung der Schwimmer und ihre Individualisierung. Fizkultura i Sport, 357

Timakova & Klyuchnikova (2010). Tendencies in natural selection of high level young swimmers. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming XI, Kongressband: 343-346

Timakova & Klyuchnikova (2010). Tendencies in natural selection of high level young swimmers. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming XI, Kongressband S. 343-346

Timakova, T.S. (2019). Problems of sports training in the light of modern tendencies of phenotypic shifts (on the example of sports swimming). Vestnik sportivnoj nauki; Sports science bulletin, 2, 29-34

Tippelt, Bähr, Scharf & Wick (2014). Spitzensport erfolgreicher machen. http://new.osp-thueringen.de/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Spitzensport-in-Deutschland-erfolgreicher-machen.pdf

Tipton, K. D. (2013). Dietary strategies to attenuate muscle loss during recovery from injury. Nutritional Coaching Strategy to Modulate Training Efficiency, Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop Series, 75

Tittel, K. (2003). Beschreibende und funktionelle Anatomie des Menschen. München/Jena: Urban & Fischer

Tittel & Wutscherk (1972). Sportanthropometrie. Barth-Verlag Leipzig

Tiwald, H. (2002). Hat das Talent mehr als eine besondere Eignung? https://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de/datenbanken/iks/nwls/Record/4000798 – Zugriff 14.01.23

Arroyo-Toledo, Sortwell & Clemente-Suarez (2020). The effect of 12-week of pyramidal and polarized training intensity distribution in national elite adolescent swimmers. Journal of Swimming Research, 28 (1), 1-12; 1-7

Tomasello & Zeidler (2010). Warum wir kooperieren. edition unseld

Tomasits & Haber (2003). Leistungsphysiologie. Wien:  Springer

Tonkonogi, M. (2008). Krafttraining für Kinder – Ablehnung oder Zustimmung? Leistungssport 3 (38), 23-27

Tonnessen et al. (2014). The road to gold: training and peaking characteristics in the year prior to a gold medal endurance performance. PLoS One, 9(7): p. e101796. → http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0101796

Tønnessen, Sandbakk, Ø., Sandbakk, S. B., Seiler & Haugen (2024). Training session models in endurance sports: a norwegian perspective on best practice recommendations (Modelle für Trainingseinheiten im Ausdauersport: eine norwegische Perspektive auf Empfehlungen für bewährte Verfahren). Sports Medicine,  Zugriff am 13.08.2024 unter https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-024-02067-4

Tonnessen, E. (2010). Wie trainieren die besten Ausdauersportler der Welt und was können wir von ihnen lernen? Übersetzung IAT-Leipzig vom 16.04.2013

Toone & Betts (2010). Isocaloric carbohydrate versus carbohydrate-protein ingestion and cycling time-trial performance. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (20)1, 34-43

Tor, Pease & Ball (2014). Characteristics of an elite swimming start. XIIth International Symposium for Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. 257-263

Tor, E. (2015) Factors affecting the underwater phase of the swimming start. PhD thesis, Victoria University

Toresdahl, Courson, Börjesson, Sharma & Drezner (2012). Emergency cardiac care in the athletic setting: from schools to the Olympics. British Journal of Sports Medicine (46)1, 185-189

Toubekis. et al. (2005). Influence of different rest intervals during active or passive recovery on repeated sprint swimming performance. Eur J Appl Physiol 93:694-700.

Toubekis, Christoforou, Laparidis, Tahtalis & Tokmakidis (2006). Different levels of hydration following a training session on swimming performance. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming X (6)2, 319-321

Toubekis, Beidaris, Botonis & Koskolou (2017). Severe hypoxemia induced by prolonged expiration and reduced frequency breathing during submaximal swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences (35)11, 1025-1033

Toubekis, Adam, Douda, Antoniou, Douroundos & Tokmakidis (2011). Repeated sprint swimming performance after low- or high-intensity active and passive recoveries. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (25)1, 109-116

Touretski & Pyne (1993). An Analysis of the Training of Alexander Popov. Australien Institut of Sport, 1993

Touretski & Coffey (1998). Alexandr Popov: what’s the limit? Film, vertrieben von Sport-Fahnemann

Touretski, G. (1998). Gennadi Touretski – Coach of Aleksandre popov, Olympic Gold medalist 50 and 100 meters freestyle. The World Swimming Coaches Association Gold Medal Clinic Series, Volume 2, Fort Lauderdale: The World Swimming Coaches Association (Hrsg.), 1998. 93-96

Toussaint, HM. (1990). Differences in propelling efficiency between competitive and triathlon swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 22, 409-415

Toussaint, Knops & de Groot (1990). The mechanical efficiency of front crawl swimming. Med Sci Sports Exerc 22/402-408

Toussaint & Hollander (1994). Energetics of competitive Swimming. Implications for Training Programmes. Sports Med 6/384-405

Toussaint, H.M. (2009). Kraft und Technik beim Leistungsschwimmen: Wissenschaft trifft Praxis. Der Schwimmtrainer, Nr. 95 vom 15.3.2009, 36-49

Toussaint, H. M. (1992). Performance Determining Factors in Front Crawl Swimming. Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. Swimming Science VI. London: E & FN Spon, 13 – 32

Toussaint & Truijens (2004). How to predict peak front crawl swimming performance? Japanese Journal of Sciences in Swimming and Water Exercise (7)1, 5-15

Towns & Gerrard (2014). A fool’s game: Blood doping in sport. Performance Enhancement & Health (3)1, 54-58

Traeger Mackinnon, Hooper & Jones (1997). Hormonal, immunological and hematological responses to intensified training in elite swimmers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (29)12, 1637 – 1645

Trajano, Nosaka & Blazevich (2017). Neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning stretch-induced force loss. Sports Medicine (47)8, 1531-1541

Trajkovic, Sancic, Scruton, Prosoli, Stefan, Sporis & Madic (2017). Active recovery vs sodium bicarbonate: impact on lactic acid removal following a specific judo effort. Archives of Budo (13)1
 

Trappe, H.J. (2017). Sport und plötzlicher Herztod. http://www.herzstiftung.de/pdf/zeitschriften/HH2_06_Sport.pdf (Zugriff am 4.02.17), 20-24

Trappe, Gastaldelli, Jozsi & Troup (1997). Energy expenditure in swimmers during high volume training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Indianapolis (29)7, 950 – 954

Trappe, Costill & Thomas (2001). Effect of swim taper on whole muscle and single muscle fiber contractile properties. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (33)1, 48-56

Trappe, S.  Luden, Minchev, Raue, Jemiolo & Trappe, T. (2015). Skeletal muscle signature of a champion sprint runner.        Journal of Applied Physiology (118)10, 1460-1466

Treff & Steinacker (2014). Monitoring des Flüssigkeitshaushalts im Sport. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin (65)12, 342-346

Treff, Winkert, Sareban, Steinacker, Becker & Sperlich (2017). Eleven-week preparation involving polarized intensity distribution is not superior to pyramidal distribution in national elite rowers. Frontiers in Physiology (8)515, 1-11

Treff et al. (2022). Hypoxic training in natural and artificial altitude. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, 73 (3), 112-117

Trehearn & Buresh (2009). Sit-and-reach flexibility and running economy of men and women collegiate distance runners. J Strength Cond Res.1 (23),158-162

Trenck von der, R. (2012). Burnout – eine Frage der Identität?! Ursachen der neuen Volkskrankheit. Z. f. Gesundheit und Sport, 2/66-79

Trevithick, Stuelcken, Mellifont & Sayers (2018). Are body esteem, eating attitudes, pressure to be thin, body mass index and training age related in rhythmic gymnastics athletes? Science of Gymnastics Journal (10)2, 189-201

Trewin, Hopkins & Pyne (2004). Relationship between world-ranking and Olympic performance of swimmers. J Sports Science (22)4, 339-345

Trigueros, Mercader, onzález-Bernal, Aguilar-Parra, González-Santos, Navarro-Gómez & Soto-Cámara (2020). The influence of the trainer`s social behaviors on the resilience, anxiety, stress, depression and eating habits of athletes. Nutrients (12)2405, 1-11

Trincat, Woorons & Millet (2017). Repeated-sprint training in hypoxia induced by voluntary hypoventilation in swimming. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance (12)3, 329-335

Trinidad Morales, Veiga Fernandez, Navarro Cabello & Calvo (2020). The transition from underwater to surface swimming during the push-off start in competitive swimmers. Appl. Sci.2021, 11(1), 122; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010122

Trivers, Palestis & Manning (2013), The symmetry of children’s knees is linked to their adult sprinting speed and their willingness to sprint in a long-term Jamaican study.PLoS ONE, 8, e72244

Trivers, Fink, Russell et al. (2014), Lower body symmetry and running performance in elite Jamaican track and field athletes. PLoS One, 9(11), e113106

Truijens & Rodriguez (2011). Altitude and hypoxic training in swimming. World Book of Swimming: From Science to Performance. 393-408

Trybulski, Gepfert, Gawel, Bichowska, Fostiak, Wojdala, Trybek, Krzysztofik & Wilk (2022). Impact of movement tempo on bar velocity and time under tension in resistance exercises with different external loads. Biology of Sport (39)3, 547-554

Tsampoukos, Peckham, James & Nevill (2010). Effect of menstrual cycle phase on sprinting performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology (109)4, 659-667

Tschiene, P. (2013). Korrigierende Ansichten zur Geschlechtsidentität von Leistungssportlerinnen. Leistungssport (43)2, 32-33

Tschiene, P. (1999). Die unmittelbare Wettkampfvorbereitung. In Thieß/Tschiene: Handbuch der Wettkampflehre. Aachen: Meyer, 319 – 349

Tschiene, P. (2013). Langfristige Adaptationsstrategie des belasteten Organismus. Leistungssport 1/2013, 53-55, https://www.iat.uni-leipzig.de/datenbanken/iks/open_archive/ls/lsp13_01_53_57.pdf)

Tscholl, Junge, Dvorak & Zubler (2017). MRI of the wrist is not recommended for age determination in female football players of U-16/U-17 competitions. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports (26)3, 324-328

Tsunokawa, Sengoku, Tsubakimoto &Takagi (2015). The relationship between the unsteady fluid force and the pressure distribution around the foot during breaststroke kicking. Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences. Art. 14098, 1-11

Tuan, Hsu, Fong, Hsu, Tsai, Lee, & Kong (2008). Deleterious effects of short-term high-intensity exercise on the immune function: evidence from leukocyte mitochondrial alternations and apoptosis. British Journal of Sports Medicine 42(1), 11-15.

Tuckman, B. W. (1965). Developmental sequences in small groups. Psychological Bulletin, 63, 348-399

Tug, Tross, Hegen, Neuberger, Helmig, Schöllhorn & Simon (2017). Acute effects of strength exercises and effects of regular strength training on cell free DNA concentrations in blood plasma. PLOSOne (12)9, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0184668 (Zugriff am 12.01.2017)

Tuimil, Boullosa, Fernandez-del-Olmo & Rodriguez (2011). Effect of equated continuous and interval running programs on endurance performance and jump capacity. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research (25)8, 2208-2211

Turbanski, St. (2005). Aufwärmeffekte von Stretching in Sportarten und Disziplinen mit Schnellkraftanforderungen. Leistungssport 2 (35), 20-23

Turner & Stewart (2013). Repeat sprint ability. Strength and Conditioning Journal (33)1, 37-41

Turocy, DePalma, Horswill, Laquale, Martin, Perry, Somova & Utter (2011). National Athletic Trainers‘ Association position statement: Safe weight loss and maintenance practices in sport and exercise. Journal of Athletic Training (46)3, 322-336

Tvznik & Kutek (2014). Running with poles to increase training efficiency and reduce injuries. New Studies in Athletics (29)2, 55-68